UGC NET

Research Aptitude

This post consists more than 100 questions from Research Aptitude from previous years UGC NET papers. this will help you to understand the pattern of questions comes under this section. Generally 5 out 50 questions comes from Research Aptitude. New syllabus issued by the NTA is given in this post. this post also highlight the questions from each years. try to solve the questions.

Best of luck for your NTA UGC NET  preparation.

Questions from Paper1 2016 to 2006 old papers.

Research Aptitude ( 5 Questions out of 50)

TOPICS:

 Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Postpositivistic approach to research.
 Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative
and Quantitative methods.
 Steps of Research.
 Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
 Application of ICT in research.
 Research ethics.

JUNE 2016

1. A researcher intends to explore the effect of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study?
   (1) Historical method                 (2) Descriptive survey method
   (3) Experimental method         (4) Ex-post-facto method
2. Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research ?
   (1) Developing a research design
   (2) Formulating a research question
   (3) Deciding about the data analysis procedure
   (4) Formulating a research hypothesis
3. The format of thesis writing is the same as in
   (1) preparation of a research paper/article
   (2) writing of seminar presentation
   (3) a research dissertation
   (4) presenting a workshop / conference paper
4. In qualitative research paradigm, which of the following features may be considered critical ?
   (1) Data collection with standardized research tools.
   (2) Sampling design with probability sample techniques.
   (3) Data collection with bottom-up empirical evidences.
   (4) Data gathering to take place with top-down systematic evidences.
5. From the following list of statements identify the set which has negative implications for ‘research ethics*:
   (i) A researcher critically looks at the findings of another research.
   (ii) Related studies are cited without proper references.
   (iii) Research findings are made the basis for policy making.
   (iv) Conduct of practitioner is screened in terms of reported research evidences.
   (v) A research study is replicated with a view to verify the evidences from other researches.
   (vi) Bom policy making and policy implementing processes are regulated in terms of preliminary studies.
   Codes
   (1) (i), (ii) and (iii)             (2) (i).(iii)and(iv)
   (3) (ii),(iv)and(vi) (4) (i), (iii) and (v)
6. In a research on the effect of child-rearing practices on stress-proneness of children in completing school projects, the hypothesis formulated is that ‘child rearing practices do influence stress-proneness’. At the data-analysis stage a null hypothesis is advanced to find out the inability of research hypothesis. On the basis of the evidence available, the null hypothesis is rejected at 0.01 level of significance. What decision may be warranted in respect of the research hypothesis ?
   (1) The research hypothesis will also be rejected.
   (2) The research hypothesis will be accepted.
   (3) Both the research hypothesis and the null hypothesis will be rejected.
   (4) No decision can be taken in respect of the research hypothesis.

DECEMBER 2015

7. Which of the following statements is not true in the context of participatory research ?
   (1) It recognizes knowledge as power.
   (2) It emphasises on people as experts.
   (3) It is a collective process of enquiry.
   (4) Its sole purpose is production of knowledge,
8. Which of the following statements is true in the context of the testing of a hypothesis ?
   (1) It is only the alternative hypothesis, that can be tested.
   (2) It is only the null hypothesis, that can be tested.
   (3) Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses can be tested.
   (4) Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses cannot be tested.
9. Which of the following are the basic rules of APA style of referencing format ?
   (a) Italicize titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays
   (b) Invert authors’ names (last name first)
   (c) Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals
   (d) Alphabetically index reference list
   Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
   (1) (a) and (b)              (2) (b), (c) and (d)
   (3) (c) and (d)               (4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
10. Which of the following are the characteristics of a seminar ?
    (a) It is a form of academic instruction.
    (b) It involves questioning, discussion and debates.
    (c) It involves large groups of individuals.
    (d) It needs involvement of skilled persons.
    Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
    (1) (b) and (c)               (2) (b) and (d)
    (3) (b), (c) and (d)       (4) (a), (b) and (d)
11. A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an u area. What tool should he prefer for the study ?
    (1) Rating scale      (2) Interview   (3) Questionnaire (4) Schedule
12. Ethical norms in research do not involve guidelines for :
    (1) Thesis format                 (2) Copyright
    (3) Patenting policy              (4) Data sharing policies

JUNE 2015

13. Which of the following statements regarding the meaning of research are correct ?
    (a) Research refers to a series of systematic activity or activities undertaken to find out the solution of a problem.
    (b) It is a systematic, logical and an unbiased process wherein verification of hypothesis, data analysis, interpretation and formation of principles can be done.
    (c) It is an intellectual enquiry or quest towards truth.
    (d) It leads to enhancement of knowledge.
    Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
    (1) (a), (b) and (c)
    (2) (b), (c) and (d)
    (3) (a), (c) and (d)
    (4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
14. A good thesis writing should involve :
    (a) reduction of punctuation and grammatical errors to a minimum.
    (b) careful checking of references.
    (c) consistency in the way the thesis is written.
    (d) a clear and well written abstract.
    Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
    (1) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
    (2) (a), (b) and (c)
    (3) (a), (b) and (d)
    (4) (b), (c) and (d)
15. Jean Piaget gave a theory of cognitive development of humans on the basis of his :
    (1) Fundamental Research  (2) Applied Research
    (3) Action Research (4) Evaluation Research
16. “Male and female students perform equally well in a numerical aptitude test.” This statement
    indicates a :
    (1) research hypothesis(2) null hypothesis
    (3) directional hypothesis (4) statistical hypothesis
17. The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized to other
    situations ?
    (1) Historical Research (2) Descriptive Research
    (3) Experimental Research (4) Causal Comparative Research
18. Which of the following steps are required to design a questionnaire ?
    (a) Writing primary and secondary aims of the study.
    (b) Review of the current literature.
    (c) Prepare a draft of questionnaire.
    (d) Revision of the draft.
    Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
    (1) (a), (b) and (c)
    (2) (a), (c) and (d)
    (3) (b), (c) and (d)
    (4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

DECEMBER 2014

18. The core elements of a dissertation are
    (A)    Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations
    (B)    Executive Summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions: Bibliography
    (C)    Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis: References
    (D)    Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology, Results; Discussion and Conclusion
19. What is a Research Design ?
    (A)    A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
    (B)    The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.
    (C)    The style in which you present your research findings e.g. a graph.
    (D)    A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.
20. ‘Sampling Cases’ means
    (A)    Sampling using a sampling frame
    (B)    Identifying people who are suitable for research
    (C)    Literally the researcher’s briefcase
    (D)    Sampling of people, newspapers, television programmes etc.
21. The frequency distribution of a research data which is symmetrical in shape similar to a normal distribution but center peak is much higher, is
    (A)    Skewed         (B)   Mesokurtic
    (C)    Leptokurtic (D)   Platykurtic
22. When planning to do as social research, it is better to
    (A)    approach the topic with an open mind
    (B)    do a pilot study before getting stuck into it
    (C)    be familiar with literature on the topic
    (D)    forget about theory because this is a very practical
23. When academicians are called to deliver lecture or presentation to an audience on certain topics or a set of topics of educational nature, it is called
    (A)   Training Program    (B)    Seminar
    (C)    Workshop            (D)    Symposium

JUNE 2014

24. The research approach of Max Weber to understand how people create meanings in natural settings is identified as
    (A) positive paradigm
    (B) critical paradigm
    (C) natural paradigm
    (D) interpretative paradigm
25. Which one of the following is a non-probability sampling ?
    (A) Simple random
    (B) Purposive
    (C) Systematic
    (D) Stratified
26. Identify the category of evaluation that assesses the learning progress to provide continuous feedback to the students during instruction.
    (A) Placement (B) Diagnostic(C) Formative(D) Summative
27. The research stream of immediate application is
    (A) Conceptual research
    (B) Action research
    (C) Fundamental research
    (D) Empirical research
28. Who among the following, propounded the concept of paradigm ?
    (A) Peter Haggett
    (B) Von Thunen
    (C) Thomas Kuhn
    (D) John K. Wright
29. In a thesis, figures and tables are included in
    (A) the appendix
    (B) a separate chapter
    (C) the concluding chapter
    (D) the text itself
30. A thesis statement is
    (A) an observation
    (B) a fact
    (C) an assertion
    (D) a discussion

DECEMBER 2013

31..The sequential operations in scientific research are
(A) Co-variation, Elimination of Spurious Relations, Generalisation, Theorisation
(B) Generalisation, Co-variation, Theorisation, Elimination of Spurious Relations
(C) Theorisation, Generalisation, Elimination of Spurious Relations, Co-variation
(D) Elimination of Spurious Relations, Theorisation,Generalisation, Co-variation.

32. In sampling, the lottery method is used for
    (A) Interpretation
    (B) Theorisation
    (C) Conceptualisation
    (D) Randomisation
33. Which is the main objective of research ?
    (A) To review the literature
    (B) To summarize what is already known
    (C) To get an academic degree
    (D) To discover new facts or to make fresh interpretation of known facts

34.Sampling error decreases with the
(A) decrease in sample size
(B) increase in sample size
(C) process of randomization
(D) process of analysis

35. The principles of fundamental research are used in
    (A) action research
    (B) applied research
    (C) philosophical research
    (D) historical research

JUNE 2013

36. A research paper
    (A) is a compilation of information on a topic.
    (B) contains original research as deemed by the author.
    (C) contains peer-reviewed original research or evaluation of research conducted by others.
    (D) can be published in more than one journal.
37. Which one of the following belongs to the category of good ‘research ethics’?
    (A) Publishing the same paper in two research journals without telling the editors.
    (B) Conducting a review’ of the literature that acknowledges the contributions of other people in the relevant field or relevant prior work.
    (C) Trimming outliers from a data set without discussing your reasons, in a research paper.
    (D) Including a colleague as an author on a research paper in return for a favour even though the colleague did not make a serious contribution to the paper
38. Which of the following sampling methods is not based on probability?
    (A) Simple Random Sampling
    (B) Stratified Sampling
    (C) Quota Sampling
    (D) Cluster Sampling
39. Which one of the following references is written as per Modem Language Association (MLA) format?
    (A) Hall, Donald. Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
    (B) Hall, Donald, Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
    (C) Hall, Donald, Fundamentals of Electronics, New Delhi, – Prentice Hall of India, 2005
    (D) Hall, Donald. Fundamentals of Electronics. New Delhi : Prentice Hall of India, 2005
40. A workshop is
    (A) a conference for discussion on a topic
    (B) a meeting for discussion on a topic.
    (C) a class at a college or a university in which a teacher and the students discuss a topic.
    (D) a brief intensive course for a small group emphasizing the development of a skill or technique for solving a specific problem.
41. A working hypothesis is
    (A) a proven hypothesis for an argument.
    (B) not required to be tested
    (C) a provisionally accepted hypothesis for further research
    (D) a scientific theory

DECEMBER 2012

42. Which one of the following is an indication of the quality of a research journal ?
    (A) Impact factor
    (B) h-index
    (C) g-index
    (D) i10-index
43. Good ‘research ethics’ means
    (A) Not disclosing the holdings of shares/stocks in a company that sponsors your research.
    (B) Assigning a particular research problem to one Ph.D./research student only.
    (C) Discussing with your colleagues confidential data from a research paper that you are reviewing for
    an academic journal.
    (D) Submitting the same research manuscript for publishing in more than one journal.
44. Which of the following sampling methods is based on probability ?
    (A) Convenience sampling
    (B) Quota sampling
    (C) Judgement sampling
    (D) Stratified sampling
45. Which one of the following references is written according to American Psychological Association (APA) format?
    (A) Sharma, V. (2010). Fundamentals of Computer Science. New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
    (B) Sharma, V. 2010. Fundamentals of Computer Science. New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
    (C) Sharma.V. 2010. Fundamentals of Computer Science, New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
    (D) Sharma, V. (2010), Fundamentals of Computer Science, New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
46. Arrange the following steps of research in correct sequence :
    1. Identification of research problem
    2. Listing of research objectives
    3. Collection of data
    4. Methodology
    5. Data analysis
    6. Results and discussion
    (A) 1-2-3-4-5-6
    (B) 1-2-4-3-5-6
    (C) 2-1-3-4-5-6
    (D) 2-1-4-3-5-6
47. Identify the incorrect statement :
    (A) A hypothesis is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigations.
    (B) A hypothesis is a basis for reasoning without any assumption of its truth.
    (C) Hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
    (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory.

JUNE 2012

48. The research that aims at immediate application is
    (A) Action Research
    (B) Empirical Research
    (C) Conceptual Research
    (D) Fundamental Research
49. When two or more successive footnotes refer to the same work which one of the following expressions is used ?
    (A) ibid(B) et.al (C) op.cit : (D) loc.cit.
50. Nine year olds are taller than seven year olds. This is an example of a reference drawn from
    (A) Vertical study
    (B) Cross-sectional study
    (C) Time series study
    (D) Experimental study
51. Conferences are meant for
    (A) Multiple target groups
    (B) Group discussions
    (C) Show-casing new Research
    (D) All the above
52. Ex Post Facto research means
    (A) The research is carried out after the incident
    (B) The research is carried out prior to the incident
    (C) The research is carried out along with the happening of an incident.
    (D) The research is carried out keeping in mind the possibilities of an incident.
53. Research ethics do not include
    (A) Honesty(B) Subjectivity(C) Integrity (D) Objectivity

DECEMBER 2011

54. A hypothesis is a
    (A) law (B) canon (C) postulate(D) supposition
55. Suppose you want to investigate the working efficiency of nationalised bank in India, which one of the following would you follow ?
    (A) Area Sampling
    (B) Multi-stage Sampling
    (C) Sequential Sampling
    (D) Quota Sampling
56. Controlled group condition is applied in
    (A) Survey Research
    (B) Historical Research
    (C) Experimental Research
    (D) Descriptive Research
57. Workshops are meant for
    (A) giving lectures
    (B) multiple target groups
    (C) showcase new theories
    (D) hands on training/experience
58. Which one of the following is a research tool ?
    (A) Graph (B) Illustration(C) Questionnaire(D) Diagram
59. Research is not considered ethical if it
    (A) tries to prove a particular point.
    (B) does not ensure privacy and anonymity of the respondent.
    (C) does not investigate the data scientifically.
    (D) is not of a very high standard.

JUNE 2011

59. A research paper is a brief report of research work based on
    (A) Primary Data only
    (B) Secondary Data only
    (C) Both Primary and Secondary Data
    (D) None of the above
60. Newton gave three basic laws of motion. This research is categorized as
    (A) Descriptive Research
    (B) Sample Survey
    (C) Fundamental Research
    (D) Applied Research
61. A group of experts in a specific area of knowledge assembled at a place and prepared a syllabus for a new course. The process may be termed as
    (A) Seminar
    (B) Workshop
    (C) Conference
    (D) Symposium
62. In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by
    (A) Statement of Objectives
    (B) Analysis of Data
    (C) Selection of Research Tools
    (D) Collection of Data

DECEMBER 2010

63. Which of the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms ?
    (A) Socio-economic Status (B) Marital Status (C) Numerical Aptitude(D) Professional Attitude
64. A doctor studies the relative effectiveness of two drugs of dengue fever. His research would be classified as
    (A) Descriptive Survey(B)Experimental Research(C) Case Study (D) Ethnography
65. The term ‘phenomenology’ is associated with the process of
    (A) Qualitative Research(B) Analysis of Variance (C) Correlational Study (D) Probability Sampling
66. The ‘Sociogram’ technique is used to study
    (A) Vocational Interest (B) Professional Competence(C) Human Relations(D) Achievement Motivation

JUNE 2010

66. Action research means
    (A) A longitudinal research
    (B) An applied research
    (C) A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
    (D) A research with socioeconomic objective
67. Research is
    (A) Searching again and again
    (B) Finding solution to any problem
    (C) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
    (D) None of the above
68. A common test in research demands much priority on
    (A) Reliability
    (B) Useability
    (C) Objectivity
    (D) All of the above
69. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process ?
    (A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.
    (B) Survey of related literature
    (C) Identification of problem
    (D) Searching for solutions to the problem
70. If a researcher conducts a research on finding out which administrative style contributes more to institutional effectiveness ? This will be an example of
    (A) Basic Research
    (B) Action Research
    (C) Applied Research
    (D) None of the above
71. Normal Probability Curve should be
    (A) Positively skewed
    (B) Negatively skewed
    (C) Leptokurtic skewed
    (D) Zero skewed

DECEMBER 2009

72. A null hypothesis is
    (A)    when there is no difference between the variables
    (B)    the same as research hypothesis
    (C)    subjective in nature
    (D)    when there is difference between the variables
73. The research which is exploring new facts through the study of the past is called
    (A)   Philosophical research   (B)   Historical research
    (C)   Mythological research    (D)   Content analysis
74. Action research is
    (A)    An applied research
    (B)    A research carried out to solve immediate problems
    (C)    A longitudinal research
    (D)    Simulative research
75. The process not needed in Experimental Researches is
    (A)   Observation   (B)   Manipulation
    (C)   Controlling    (D)   Content Analysis
76. Manipulation is always a part of
    (A)   Historical research    (B)   Fundamental research
    (C)   Descriptive research   (D)   Experimental research
77. Which correlation co-efficient best explains the relationship between creativity and intelligence ?
    (A)   1.00    (B)   0.6
    (C)   0.5    (D)   0.3

JUNE 2009

78. How can the objectivity of the research be enhanced ?
    (A) Through its impartiality (B) Through its reliability
    (C) Through its validity(D) All of these
79. Action-research is :
    (A) An applied research
    (B) A research carried out to solve immediate problems
    (C) A longitudinal research
    (D) All the above
80. The basis on which assumptions are formulated :
    (A) Cultural background of the country
    (B) Universities
    (C) Specific characteristics of the castes
    (D) All of these
81. Which of the following is classified in the category of the developmental research ?
    (A) Philosophical research (B) Action research
    (C) Descriptive research (D) All the above
82. We use Factorial Analysis :
    (A) To know the relationship between two variables
    (B) To test the Hypothesis
    (C) To know the difference between two variables
    (D) To know the difference among the many variables

DECEMBER 2008

83. The research is always –
    (A)    verifying the old knowledge
    (B)    exploring new knowledge
    (C)    filling the gap between knowledge
    (D)    all of these
84. The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more and more clear ideas about the problem is:
    (A)    Applied research    (B)     Action research
    (C)    Experimental research (D)    None of these
85. When a research problem is related to heterogeneous population, the most suitable sampling method is:
    (A)    Cluster Sampling    (B)     Stratified Sampling
    (C)    Convenient Sampling    (D)    Lottery Method
86. The process not needed in experimental research is :
    (A)    Observation   (B)     Manipulation and replication
    (C)    Controlling    (D)    Reference collection
87. A research problem is not feasible only when :
    (A)    it is researchable
    (B)    it is new and adds something to knowledge
    (C)    it consists of independent and dependent variables
    (D)    it has utility and relevance

JUNE 2008

88. Research problem is selected from the stand point of :
    (A)    Researcher’s interest (B)    Financial support
    (C)    Social relevance    (D)    Availability of relevant literature
89. Which one is called non-probability sampling ?
    (A)    Cluster sampling    (B)     Quota sampling
    (C)    Systematic sampling    (D)    Stratified random sampling
90. Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in :
    (A)    Survey method    (B)     Historical studies
    (C)    Experimental studies    (D)    Normative studies
91. Field-work based research is classified as :
    (A)    Empirical (B)     Historical
    (C)    Experimental    (D)    Biographical
92. Which of the following sampling method is appropriate to study the prevalence of AIDS amongst male and female in India in 1976, 1986, 1996 and 2006 ?
    (A)    Cluster sampling    (B)    Systematic sampling
    (C)    Quota sampling    (D)    Stratified random sampling

DECEMBER 2007

93. Generalised conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as :
    (A)    Data analysis and interpretation
    (B)    Parameter inference
    (C)    Statistical inference
    (D)    All of the above
94. The experimental study is based on :
    (A)    The manipulation of variables     (B)     Conceptual parameters
    (C)    Replication of research    (D)    Survey of literature
95. The main characteristic of scientific research is :
    (A)    empirical    (B)     theoretical
    (C)    experimental   (D)    all of the above
96. Authenticity of a research finding is its :
    (A)    Originality (B)     Validity
    (C)    Objectivity    (D)    All of the above
97. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite ?
    (A)    Area Sampling Technique                (B)     Purposive Sampling Technique
    (C)    Systematic Sampling Technique   (D)    None of the above

JUNE 2007

98. To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses :
    (A)    t test
    (B)    ANOVA
    (C)    X²
    (D)    factorial analysis
99. A research problem is feasible only when :
    (A)    it has utility and relevance
    (B)    it is researchable
    (C)    it is new and adds something to knowledge
    (D)    all the above
100. Bibliography given in a research report :
     (A)    shows vast knowledge of the researcher
     (B)    helps those interested in further research
     (C)    has no relevance to research
     (D)    all the above
101. Fundamental research reflects the ability to :
     (A)    Synthesize new ideals
     (B)    Expound new principles
     (C)    Evaluate the existing material concerning research
     (D)    Study the existing literature regarding various topics
102. The study in which the investigators attempt to trace an effect is known as :
     (A)    Survey Research
     (B)    ‘Ex-post Facto’ Research
     (C)    Historical Research
     (D)    Summative Research

DECEMBER 2006

103. Research can be conducted by a person who :
     (A) has studied research methodology
     (B) holds a postgraduate degree
     (C) possesses thinking and reasoning ability
     (D) is a hard worker
104. Which of the following statements is correct ?
     (A) Objectives of research are stated in first chapter of the thesis
     (B) Researcher must possess analytical ability
     (C) Variability is the source of problem
     (D) All the above
105. Which of the following is not the Method of Research ?
     (A) Observation
     (B) Historical
     (C) Survey
     (D) Philosophical- all are research methods
106. Research can be classified as :
     (A) Basic, Applied and Action Research
     (B) Quantitative and Qualitative Research
     (C) Philosophical, Historical, Survey and Experimental Research
     (D) All the above
107. The first step of research is :
     (A) Selecting a problem
     (B) Searching a problem
     (C) Finding a problem
     (D) Identifying a problem

JUNE 2006

108. Which of the following options are the main tasks of research in modern society ?
     (I) to keep pace with the advancement in knowledge.
     (II) to discover new things.
     (III) to write a critique on the earlier writings.
     (IV) to systematically examine and critically analyse the investigations/sources with objectivity.
     (A) IV, II and I  (B) I, II and III
     (C) I and III                   (D) II, III and IV
109. Match List-I (Interviews) with List-II (Meaning) and select the correct answer from the code given below:
     List – I (Interviews)                       List – II (Meaning)
     (a) structured interviews            (i) greater flexibility approach
     (b) Unstructured interviews      (ii) attention on the questions to be answered
     (c) Focused interviews                (iii) individual life experience
     (d) Clinical interviews                 (iv) Pre determined question
     (v) non-directive
     Code:
     (a) (b) (c) (d)
     (A) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
     (B) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
     (C) (v) (ii) (iv) (i)
     (D) (i) (iii) (v) (iv)
110. What do you consider as the main aim of inter disciplinary research?
     (A) To bring out holistic approach to research.
     (B) To reduce the emphasis of single subject in research domain.
     (C) To over simplify the problem of research.
     (D) To create a new trend in research methodology.
111. One of the aims of the scientific method in research is to :
     (A)improve data interpretation         (B) eliminate spurious relations
     (C) confirm triangulation                     (D) introduce new variables
112. The depth of any research can be judged by :
     (A) title of the research.
     (B) objectives of the research.
     (C) total expenditure on the research.
     (D) duration of the research.